diff --git a/examples/models/models_orthographic_projection.c b/examples/models/models_orthographic_projection.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2c2a89d10 --- /dev/null +++ b/examples/models/models_orthographic_projection.c @@ -0,0 +1,112 @@ +/******************************************************************************************* +* +* raylib [models] example - Show the difference between perspective and orthographic projection +* +* This program is heavily based on the geometric objects example +* +* This example has been created using raylib 1.0 (www.raylib.com) +* raylib is licensed under an unmodified zlib/libpng license (View raylib.h for details) +* +* Copyright (c) 2014 Ramon Santamaria (@raysan5) +* +********************************************************************************************/ + +#include "raylib.h" + +#define FOVY_PERSPECTIVE 45.0f +#define WIDTH_ORTHOGRAPHIC 10.0f + +int main() +{ + // Initialization + //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + int screenWidth = 800; + int screenHeight = 450; + + InitWindow(screenWidth, screenHeight, "raylib [models] example - geometric shapes"); + + // Define the camera to look into our 3d world + Camera camera = {{ 0.0f, 10.0f, 10.0f }, { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f }, { 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f }, FOVY_PERSPECTIVE, CAMERA_PERSPECTIVE }; + + SetTargetFPS(60); // Set our game to run at 60 frames-per-second + //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + + // Main game loop + while (!WindowShouldClose()) // Detect window close button or ESC key + { + // Update + //---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + // TODO: Update your variables here + //---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + // + + // Input + //---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + if(IsKeyPressed(KEY_SPACE)) + { + if(camera.type == CAMERA_PERSPECTIVE) + { + camera.fovy = WIDTH_ORTHOGRAPHIC; + camera.type = CAMERA_ORTHOGRAPHIC; + } + else + { + camera.fovy = FOVY_PERSPECTIVE; + camera.type = CAMERA_PERSPECTIVE; + } + } + + + // Draw + //---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + + + BeginDrawing(); + + ClearBackground(RAYWHITE); + + Begin3dMode(camera); + + DrawCube((Vector3){-4.0f, 0.0f, 2.0f}, 2.0f, 5.0f, 2.0f, RED); + DrawCubeWires((Vector3){-4.0f, 0.0f, 2.0f}, 2.0f, 5.0f, 2.0f, GOLD); + DrawCubeWires((Vector3){-4.0f, 0.0f, -2.0f}, 3.0f, 6.0f, 2.0f, MAROON); + + DrawSphere((Vector3){-1.0f, 0.0f, -2.0f}, 1.0f, GREEN); + DrawSphereWires((Vector3){1.0f, 0.0f, 2.0f}, 2.0f, 16, 16, LIME); + + DrawCylinder((Vector3){4.0f, 0.0f, -2.0f}, 1.0f, 2.0f, 3.0f, 4, SKYBLUE); + DrawCylinderWires((Vector3){4.0f, 0.0f, -2.0f}, 1.0f, 2.0f, 3.0f, 4, DARKBLUE); + DrawCylinderWires((Vector3){4.5f, -1.0f, 2.0f}, 1.0f, 1.0f, 2.0f, 6, BROWN); + + DrawCylinder((Vector3){1.0f, 0.0f, -4.0f}, 0.0f, 1.5f, 3.0f, 8, GOLD); + DrawCylinderWires((Vector3){1.0f, 0.0f, -4.0f}, 0.0f, 1.5f, 3.0f, 8, PINK); + + DrawGrid(10, 1.0f); // Draw a grid + + End3dMode(); + + DrawFPS(10, 10); + + DrawText("Press Spacebar to switch camera type", 10, 40, 24, BLACK); + + if(camera.type == CAMERA_ORTHOGRAPHIC) + { + DrawText("Orthographic", 10, 65, 24, BLACK); + } + else if(camera.type == CAMERA_PERSPECTIVE) + { + DrawText("Perspective", 10, 65, 24, BLACK); + } + + + EndDrawing(); + //---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + } + + // De-Initialization + //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + CloseWindow(); // Close window and OpenGL context + //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + + return 0; +} diff --git a/src/core.c b/src/core.c index 89a6f924a..99cc3c5a6 100644 --- a/src/core.c +++ b/src/core.c @@ -919,13 +919,26 @@ void Begin3dMode(Camera camera) rlPushMatrix(); // Save previous matrix, which contains the settings for the 2d ortho projection rlLoadIdentity(); // Reset current matrix (PROJECTION) - // Setup perspective projection float aspect = (float)screenWidth/(float)screenHeight; - double top = 0.01*tan(camera.fovy*0.5*DEG2RAD); - double right = top*aspect; + + if(camera.type == CAMERA_PERSPECTIVE) + { + // Setup perspective projection + double top = 0.01*tan(camera.fovy*0.5*DEG2RAD); + double right = top*aspect; + + rlFrustum(-right, right, -top, top, 0.01, 1000.0); + } + else if(camera.type == CAMERA_ORTHOGRAPHIC) + { + // Setup orthographic projection + double top = camera.fovy/2.0; + double right = top*aspect; + + rlOrtho(-right,right,-top,top, 0.01, 1000.0); + } // NOTE: zNear and zFar values are important when computing depth buffer values - rlFrustum(-right, right, -top, top, 0.01, 1000.0); rlMatrixMode(RL_MODELVIEW); // Switch back to modelview matrix rlLoadIdentity(); // Reset current matrix (MODELVIEW) @@ -1013,22 +1026,48 @@ Ray GetMouseRay(Vector2 mousePosition, Camera camera) TraceLog(LOG_DEBUG, "Device coordinates: (%f, %f, %f)", deviceCoords.x, deviceCoords.y, deviceCoords.z); - // Calculate projection matrix from perspective - Matrix matProj = MatrixPerspective(camera.fovy*DEG2RAD, ((double)GetScreenWidth()/(double)GetScreenHeight()), 0.01, 1000.0); - // Calculate view matrix from camera look at Matrix matView = MatrixLookAt(camera.position, camera.target, camera.up); + Matrix matProj; + + if(camera.type == CAMERA_PERSPECTIVE) + { + // Calculate projection matrix from perspective + matProj = MatrixPerspective(camera.fovy*DEG2RAD, ((double)GetScreenWidth()/(double)GetScreenHeight()), 0.01, 1000.0); + } + else if(camera.type == CAMERA_ORTHOGRAPHIC) + { + float aspect = (float)screenWidth/(float)screenHeight; + double top = camera.fovy/2.0; + double right = top*aspect; + // Calculate projection matrix from orthographic + matProj = MatrixOrtho(-right, right, -top, top, 0.01, 1000.0); + } + // Unproject far/near points Vector3 nearPoint = rlUnproject((Vector3){ deviceCoords.x, deviceCoords.y, 0.0f }, matProj, matView); Vector3 farPoint = rlUnproject((Vector3){ deviceCoords.x, deviceCoords.y, 1.0f }, matProj, matView); + // Unproject the mouse cursor in the near plane. + // We need this as the source position because orthographic projects, compared to perspect doesn't have a + // convergence point, meaning that the "eye" of the camera is more like a plane than a point. + Vector3 cameraPlanePointerPos = rlUnproject((Vector3){ deviceCoords.x, deviceCoords.y, -1.0f }, matProj, matView); + // Calculate normalized direction vector Vector3 direction = Vector3Subtract(farPoint, nearPoint); direction = Vector3Normalize(direction); + if(camera.type == CAMERA_PERSPECTIVE) + { + ray.position = camera.position; + } + else if(camera.type == CAMERA_ORTHOGRAPHIC) + { + ray.position = cameraPlanePointerPos; + } + // Apply calculated vectors to ray - ray.position = camera.position; ray.direction = direction; return ray; @@ -1038,7 +1077,21 @@ Ray GetMouseRay(Vector2 mousePosition, Camera camera) Vector2 GetWorldToScreen(Vector3 position, Camera camera) { // Calculate projection matrix (from perspective instead of frustum - Matrix matProj = MatrixPerspective(camera.fovy*DEG2RAD, (double)GetScreenWidth()/(double)GetScreenHeight(), 0.01, 1000.0); + Matrix matProj; + + if(camera.type == CAMERA_PERSPECTIVE) + { + // Calculate projection matrix from perspective + matProj = MatrixPerspective(camera.fovy*DEG2RAD, ((double)GetScreenWidth()/(double)GetScreenHeight()), 0.01, 1000.0); + } + else if(camera.type == CAMERA_ORTHOGRAPHIC) + { + float aspect = (float)screenWidth/(float)screenHeight; + double top = camera.fovy/2.0; + double right = top*aspect; + // Calculate projection matrix from orthographic + matProj = MatrixOrtho(-right, right, -top, top, 0.01, 1000.0); + } // Calculate view matrix from camera look at (and transpose it) Matrix matView = MatrixLookAt(camera.position, camera.target, camera.up); diff --git a/src/raylib.h b/src/raylib.h index c94f44777..f40124e9b 100644 --- a/src/raylib.h +++ b/src/raylib.h @@ -398,12 +398,19 @@ typedef struct SpriteFont { CharInfo *chars; // Characters info data } SpriteFont; +// Camera projection modes +typedef enum { + CAMERA_PERSPECTIVE = 0, + CAMERA_ORTHOGRAPHIC +} CameraType; + // Camera type, defines a camera position/orientation in 3d space typedef struct Camera { Vector3 position; // Camera position Vector3 target; // Camera target it looks-at Vector3 up; // Camera up vector (rotation over its axis) - float fovy; // Camera field-of-view apperture in Y (degrees) + float fovy; // Camera field-of-view apperture in Y (degrees) in perspective, used as near plane width in orthographic + CameraType type; // Camera type, controlling projection type, either CAMERA_PERSPECTIVE or CAMERA_ORTHOGRAPHIC. } Camera; // Camera2D type, defines a 2d camera @@ -726,7 +733,7 @@ RLAPI void BeginTextureMode(RenderTexture2D target); // Initializes RLAPI void EndTextureMode(void); // Ends drawing to render texture // Screen-space-related functions -RLAPI Ray GetMouseRay(Vector2 mousePosition, Camera camera); // Returns a ray trace from mouse position +RLAPI Ray GetMouseRay(Vector2 mousePosition, Camera camera); // Returns a ray trace from mouse position RLAPI Vector2 GetWorldToScreen(Vector3 position, Camera camera); // Returns the screen space position for a 3d world space position RLAPI Matrix GetCameraMatrix(Camera camera); // Returns camera transform matrix (view matrix)