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Raylib Python
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<p class="caption" role="heading"><span class="caption-text">Contents:</span></p>
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<li class="toctree-l1 current"><a class="current reference internal" href="#">Python Bindings for Raylib 5.0</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="#quickstart">Quickstart</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="#installation">Installation</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#raspberry-pi">Raspberry Pi</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#dynamic-binding-version">Dynamic binding version</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#beta-testing">Beta testing</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="#how-to-use">How to use</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#if-you-are-familiar-with-c-coding-and-the-raylib-c-library-and-you-want-to-use-an-exact-copy-of-the-c-api">If you are familiar with C coding and the Raylib C library and you want to use an exact copy of the C API</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#if-you-prefer-a-slightly-more-pythonistic-api-and-don-t-mind-it-might-be-slightly-slower">If you prefer a slightly more Pythonistic API and don’t mind it might be slightly slower</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="#rlzero">RLZero</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="#license-updated">License (updated)</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="#performance">Performance</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#bunnymark">Bunnymark</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="#packaging-your-app">Packaging your app</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="dynamic.html">Dynamic Bindings</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="BUILDING.html">Building from source</a></li>
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<section id="python-bindings-for-raylib-5-0">
<h1>Python Bindings for Raylib 5.0<a class="headerlink" href="#python-bindings-for-raylib-5-0" title="Link to this heading"></a></h1>
<p>Chatroom: <a class="reference external" href="https://discord.gg/fKDwt85aX6">Discord</a> or <a class="reference external" href="https://matrix.to/#/#raylib-python-cffi:matrix.org">Matrix</a></p>
<p>New CFFI API static bindings.</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>Automatically generated to be as close as possible to
original Raylib.</p></li>
<li><p>Faster, fewer bugs and easier to maintain than ctypes.</p></li>
<li><p>Commercial-friendly license.</p></li>
<li><p>Docstrings and auto-completion.</p></li>
<li><p><strong>Now includes extra libraries: raymath, raygui, rlgl, physac and GLFW</strong></p></li>
</ul>
<p><a class="reference external" href="http://electronstudio.github.io/raylib-python-cffi">Full documentation</a></p>
</section>
<section id="quickstart">
<h1>Quickstart<a class="headerlink" href="#quickstart" title="Link to this heading"></a></h1>
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip3</span> <span class="pre">install</span> <span class="pre">raylib</span></code></p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>from pyray import *
init_window(800, 450, &quot;Hello&quot;)
while not window_should_close():
begin_drawing()
clear_background(WHITE)
draw_text(&quot;Hello world&quot;, 190, 200, 20, VIOLET)
end_drawing()
close_window()
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="installation">
<h1>Installation<a class="headerlink" href="#installation" title="Link to this heading"></a></h1>
<p>First make sure you have the latest pip installed:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Then install</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>python3 -m pip install setuptools
python3 -m pip install raylib
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>On most platforms it should install a binary wheel (Windows 10 x64, MacOS 12 x64/arm64, Linux Ubuntu2004 x64/arm64).</p>
<p>If yours isn’t available then pip will attempt to build from source, in which case you will need to have Raylib development libs installed, e.g.
using homebrew, apt, etc.</p>
<section id="raspberry-pi">
<h2>Raspberry Pi<a class="headerlink" href="#raspberry-pi" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="RPI.html"><span class="std std-doc">Using on Rasperry Pi</span></a></p>
</section>
<section id="dynamic-binding-version">
<h2>Dynamic binding version<a class="headerlink" href="#dynamic-binding-version" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<p>There is now a separate dynamic version of this binding:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>python3 -m pip install raylib_dynamic
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>It works on some systems where the static version doesn’t, <a class="reference external" href="https://electronstudio.github.io/raylib-python-cffi/dynamic.html">but be sure to read these caveats before using it</a></p>
</section>
<section id="beta-testing">
<h2>Beta testing<a class="headerlink" href="#beta-testing" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<p>If you find a bug, it may be fixed in the <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/electronstudio/raylib-python-cffi/releases">latest dev release</a>.
You can install an alpha or beta version by specifying the exact version number like this:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>python3 -m pip install raylib==4.2.0.0.dev4
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="problems">
<h2>Problems?<a class="headerlink" href="#problems" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<p>If it doesn’t work, <a class="reference internal" href="BUILDING.html"><span class="std std-doc">try to build manually.</span></a>. If that works then <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/electronstudio/raylib-python-cffi/issues">submit an issue</a>
to let us know what you did.</p>
<p>If you need help you can try asking <a class="reference external" href="https://discord.gg/raylib">on Discord</a>.</p>
<p>If it still doesn’t work, <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/electronstudio/raylib-python-cffi/issues">submit an issue</a>.</p>
</section>
</section>
<section id="how-to-use">
<h1>How to use<a class="headerlink" href="#how-to-use" title="Link to this heading"></a></h1>
<p>There are two APIs, you can use either or both:</p>
<section id="if-you-are-familiar-with-c-coding-and-the-raylib-c-library-and-you-want-to-use-an-exact-copy-of-the-c-api">
<h2>If you are familiar with C coding and the Raylib C library and you want to use an exact copy of the C API<a class="headerlink" href="#if-you-are-familiar-with-c-coding-and-the-raylib-c-library-and-you-want-to-use-an-exact-copy-of-the-c-api" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<p>Use <a class="reference external" href="https://electronstudio.github.io/raylib-python-cffi/raylib.html">the C API</a>.</p>
</section>
<section id="if-you-prefer-a-slightly-more-pythonistic-api-and-don-t-mind-it-might-be-slightly-slower">
<h2>If you prefer a slightly more Pythonistic API and don’t mind it might be slightly slower<a class="headerlink" href="#if-you-prefer-a-slightly-more-pythonistic-api-and-don-t-mind-it-might-be-slightly-slower" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<p>Use <a class="reference external" href="https://electronstudio.github.io/raylib-python-cffi/pyray.html">the Python API</a>.</p>
</section>
</section>
<section id="running-in-a-web-browser">
<h1>Running in a web browser<a class="headerlink" href="#running-in-a-web-browser" title="Link to this heading"></a></h1>
<p><a class="reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/pygbag/">Pygbag</a> &gt;=0.8.7 supports running in a web browser.</p>
<p>Make a folder <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">my_project</span></code> with a file <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">main.py</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span># /// script
# dependencies = [
# &quot;cffi&quot;,
# &quot;raylib&quot;
# ]
# ///
import asyncio
import platform
from pyray import *
async def main(): # You must have an async main function
init_window(500, 500, &quot;Hello&quot;)
platform.window.window_resize() # You must add this line
while not window_should_close():
begin_drawing()
clear_background(WHITE)
draw_text(&quot;Hello world&quot;, 190, 200, 20, VIOLET)
end_drawing()
await asyncio.sleep(0) # You must call this in your main loop
close_window()
asyncio.run(main())
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Then to create the web files and launch a web server:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>python3.12 -m pip install --user --upgrade pygbag
python3.12 -m pygbag --PYBUILD 3.12 --ume_block 0 --template noctx.tmpl my_project
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Point your browser to http://localhost:8000</p>
<p>This is all done by Pygbag rather than by me, so you should probably contact them with any issues.
Carefully read all their <a class="reference external" href="https://pygame-web.github.io/">documentation</a>.</p>
<p>It does work for most of <a class="reference external" href="https://electronstudio.github.io/raylib-python-cffi-pygbag-examples/">these examples</a></p>
</section>
<section id="app-showcase">
<h1>App showcase<a class="headerlink" href="#app-showcase" title="Link to this heading"></a></h1>
<p><a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/pkulev/tanki">Tanki</a></p>
<p><a class="reference external" href="https://pebaz.itch.io/alloy-bloxel-editor">Alloy Bloxel Editor</a></p>
<p>Add your app here!</p>
</section>
<section id="rlzero">
<h1>RLZero<a class="headerlink" href="#rlzero" title="Link to this heading"></a></h1>
<p>A related library (that is a work in progress!):</p>
<p><a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/electronstudio/rlzero">A simplified API for Raylib for use in education and to enable beginners to create 3d games</a></p>
</section>
<section id="help-wanted">
<h1>Help wanted<a class="headerlink" href="#help-wanted" title="Link to this heading"></a></h1>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>Converting more examples from C to Python</p></li>
<li><p>Testing on more platforms</p></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="license-updated">
<h1>License (updated)<a class="headerlink" href="#license-updated" title="Link to this heading"></a></h1>
<p>The bindings are now under the Eclipse Public License, so you are free to
statically link and use in non-free / proprietary / commercial projects!</p>
</section>
<section id="performance">
<h1>Performance<a class="headerlink" href="#performance" title="Link to this heading"></a></h1>
<p>If you need more performance, do in this order:</p>
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li><p>Use Pypy rather than standard CPython. It is much, much faster and will make more difference than any other optimisations you might do.</p></li>
<li><p>Every call to C is costly, so it’s slightly faster if you use Python data structures and functions when calculating
in your update loop
and then only convert them to C data structures when you have to call the C functions for drawing.</p></li>
<li><p>The raylib.* functions are potentially <em>slightly</em> faster than the pyray.* equivalents, so if you need a tiny bit more performance
you can switch your inner loop functions to these.</p></li>
<li><p>There is a version of Python that is faster than Pypy: GraalPy. However it’s not fully compatible with all Python
packages. It doesn’t work with CFFI and so doesn’t work with this binding. But it <em>is</em> compatible with the
<em>Java</em> binding, Jaylib! There is an example of this here: https://github.com/electronstudio/megabunny/tree/master/raylib-python-jaylib</p></li>
</ol>
<section id="bunnymark">
<h2>Bunnymark<a class="headerlink" href="#bunnymark" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<table class="docutils align-default">
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>Library</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>Implementation</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>Bunnies (60 FPS)</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>Percentage</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Raylib 5.0</p></td>
<td><p>C</p></td>
<td><p>180000</p></td>
<td><p>100%</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Raylib Python CFFI 5.0.0.2</p></td>
<td><p>Python 3.12</p></td>
<td><p>10500</p></td>
<td><p>5.8%</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Raylib Python CFFI 5.0.0.2</p></td>
<td><p>Pypy 3.10</p></td>
<td><p>95000</p></td>
<td><p>53%</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Raylib 3.7</p></td>
<td><p>C</p></td>
<td><p>168100</p></td>
<td><p>100%</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Raylib Python CFFI 3.7</p></td>
<td><p>Pypy 3.7</p></td>
<td><p>33800</p></td>
<td><p>20%</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Raylib Python CFFI 3.7</p></td>
<td><p>Python 3.9</p></td>
<td><p>7700</p></td>
<td><p>4.5%</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Raylib Python CFFI 3.7</p></td>
<td><p>Python 3.9 Nuitka</p></td>
<td><p>8600</p></td>
<td><p>5.1%</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Raylib Python CFFI 3.7 Dynamic</p></td>
<td><p>Python 3.9</p></td>
<td><p>6300</p></td>
<td><p>3.7%</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>See also https://github.com/electronstudio/megabunny/</p>
</section>
</section>
<section id="packaging-your-app">
<h1>Packaging your app<a class="headerlink" href="#packaging-your-app" title="Link to this heading"></a></h1>
<p>You can create a standalone binary using the Nuitka compiler. For example, here is how to package Bunnymark:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>pip3 install nuitka
cd examples/textures
python3 -m nuitka --onefile --linux-onefile-icon resources/wabbit_alpha.png textures_bunnymark.py
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="advert">
<h1>Advert<a class="headerlink" href="#advert" title="Link to this heading"></a></h1>
<p><a class="reference external" href="https://store.steampowered.com/app/664240/RetroWar_8bit_Party_Battle/?git">RetroWar: 8-bit Party Battle</a> is out now. Defeat up to 15 of your friends in a tournament of 80s-inspired retro mini games.</p>
<p><a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/electronstudio/pygame-zero-book">Coding Games With Pygame Zero &amp; Python</a> is
a book for Python beginners.</p>
</section>
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